Below are links to published works, some of which are available as free downloads as PDF files. Papers without links are available free to licence-holders of our software: see the Resources tab in mortalityrating.com or Longevitas. If you do not have a viewer for PDF files, you can get one free from Adobe.

Other publicly available material can be found amongst the articles, presentations and in the gallery. There is also further material specific to managing portfolios of annuities and pensions. Also available are the lecture notes for survival analysis.

Topical items can be found in our blog.

Mortality projections

"Assessing longevity risk and annuity pricing with the Lee-Carter model" (2009) by Richards, S. J. and Currie, I. D., Presented to Faculty of Actuaries sessional meeting on 16th February 2009. Download

"Detecting year-of-birth mortality patterns with limited data" (2008) by Richards, S. J., Journal of Royal Statistical Society (Series A), 171, Part 1, 1--20. Download Available free to licence-holders of our software products.

"Two-dimensional mortality data: patterns and projections" (2007) by Richards, S. J., Ellam, J. R., Hubbard, J., Lu, J. L. C., Makin, S. J. and Miller, K. A., British Actuarial Journal, Volume 13, Part III, No. 59, pages 479-555. Download This paper was awarded the Faculty prize for best paper presented to a sessional meeting in the session 2006/2007.

"The importance of year of birth in two-dimensional mortality patterns" (2006) by Richards, S. J., Kirkby, J. G. and Currie, I. D., British Actuarial Journal, 12, I, 5--61. Download

CMI working papers

"Stochastic projection methodologies: Lee-Carter model: features, example results and implications" (2007) by Macdonald, A. S., Gallop, A. P., Miller, K. A., Richards, S. J., Shah, R. and Willets, R. C., Continuous Mortality Investigation Bureau Working Paper No. 25. Download

"Stochastic projection methodologies: Further progress and P-Spline model features, example results and implications" (2006) by Macdonald, A. S., Gallop, A. P., Miller, K. A., Richards, S. J., Shah, R. and Willets, R. C., Continuous Mortality Investigation Bureau Working Paper No. 20. Download

"Projecting future mortality: Towards a proposal for a stochastic methodology" (2005) by Macdonald, A. S., Gallop, A. P., Miller, K. A., Richards, S. J., Shah, R. and Willets, R. C., Continuous Mortality Investigation Bureau Working Paper No. 15. Download

"Projecting future mortality" (2004) by Macdonald, A. S., Gallop, A. P., Miller, K. A., Richards, S. J., Shah, R. and Willets, R. C., Continuous Mortality Investigation Bureau Working Paper No. 3. Download

Annuities and pensions

"A handbook of parametric survival models for actuarial use" (2010) by S. J. Richards, Scandinavian Actuarial Journal (to appear). Available free to licence-holders of our software products.

"Setting the proportion-married assumption" (2008) by S. J. Richards, Longevitas Technical Note. Available free to licence-holders of our software products.

"Applying survival models to pensioner mortality data" (2008) by Richards, S. J., Presented to Sessional Meeting of Institute of Actuaries, February 25th 2008. Download

"Pricing demographic risks in bulk buy-outs" (2006) by Richards, S. J., . Download

"Survey of annuity operations" (2005) by Richards, S. J., Richards Consulting. Available free to licence-holders of our software products.

"Financial aspects of longevity risk" (2004) by Richards, S. J. and Jones, G. L., Staple Inn Actuarial Society. Download This paper was listed as one of the top five papers every life actuary should know about at the 2006 Life Convention.

"Longevity in the 21st Century" (2004) by Willets, R. C, Gallop, A. P., Leandro, P. A., Lu, J. L. C., Macdonald, A. S., Miller, K. A., Richards, S. J., Robjohns, N., Ryan, J. P. and Waters, H. W., British Actuarial Journal, 10, IV, 695--898. Download This paper won two prizes: one from the Faculty of Actuaries and another from the Institute of Actuaries

General mortality

"Uncertainty in measuring mortality" (2006) by Richards, S. J., Richards Consulting. Available free to licence-holders of our software products.

"Damaging your DNA" (2006) by Richards, S. J., Richards Consulting. Download

"Introduction to modelling mortality in R" (2005) by Richards, S. J., Richards Consulting. Available free to licence-holders of our software products.

"Splines in Mortality Modelling" (2005) by Richards, S. J., Richards Consulting. Download

Germany

"International expansion: a U.K. perspective" (2000) by Grenham, D. J., Chakraborty, D. C., Chatterjee, A., Daelman, P. J., Heistermann, B., Hogg, L., Mungall, J. R., Porteous, B. T., Richards, S. J., Shum, M. C. and Taylor, J., British Actuarial Journal, Volume 6, Part I, No. 26. Download